What is a Ganglion Cyst?
Signs & Symptoms Of Ganglion Cysts
Ganglion cysts typically manifest as oval or round lumps, primarily located on the back or palm side of the wrist, or as small cysts on the fingers. They can feel soft or firm and may be tender to pressure. While many are asymptomatic, some individuals experience discomfort, particularly if the cyst is pressing on nearby nerves or tissues. Mucous cysts, often linked to arthritis, usually appear at the fingertip and can cause nail depressions. Overall, symptoms can vary in intensity, with some people feeling only mild discomfort while others may experience more significant pain.
Causes of Ganglion Cysts
Diagnosis of Ganglion Cysts
The diagnosis of ganglion cysts primarily relies on the location and appearance of the lump. A characteristic feature is that light can often pass through the cyst, aiding in its identification. During the examination, on of our providers may press on the cyst to check for tenderness or pain. X-rays may be requested to assess any issues in nearby joints and to rule out other conditions such as arthritis or tumors. Ultrasound is useful for visualizing the cyst’s uniform dark fluid, which is typical.
Treatment of Ganglion Cysts
Treatment decisions are often based on the location, size and discomfort of a given cyst. Small cysts with minimal pain are often left alone. Bracing or splinting the affected area may temporarily decrease the size of the cyst and reduce pain. “Old school” methods of cyst treatment such as striking them with a heavy book are generally not recommended due to their potential for local injury and the high recurrence rate. Draining the cyst with a needle and syringe (aspiration) is sometimes used to give people quick relief from the pressure-related pain. Although relatively simple to perform, the recurrence rate is quite high, mostly because the shell of the cyst is still present and connected to the joint or tendon.
When a ganglion is causing significant discomfort and has not responded to simple measures, surgery is often considered. Most ganglion cysts can be removed in a safe, outpatient surgery that does not require general anesthesia. Although varying by location, most ganglions have a recurrence rate of 10-15% after surgery (85-90% permanent removal).
Ganglion Cysts FAQ
Are Ganglion Cysts hard?
Ganglion cysts can vary in texture. They are often firm or hard to the touch due to the thick fluid inside, but they can also feel soft and pliable, especially if they are smaller.
Can Ganglion Cysts go away on their own?
Yes, ganglion cysts can sometimes disappear on their own without treatment. However, if they persist, become painful, or limit mobility, seek medical advice.
How do Ganglion Cysts form?
Ganglion cysts form when fluid from a joint or tendon sheath leaks out and accumulates in a sac-like structure. This can occur due to joint irritation, injury, or repetitive movements, but the exact cause is often unclear.
Are Ganglion Cysts painful?
Ganglion cysts can be painful, but not always. Some people may experience discomfort, especially if the cyst presses on nearby nerves or structures. Pain can vary from a dull ache to sharp sensations, particularly during movement. If a ganglion cyst causes significant pain or affects daily activities, it’s advisable to seek medical advice.